Turlough ocarolan wikipedia deutsch

Irish composer and musician (1670–1738)

Turlough O'Carolan
Born	1670 Nobber, Ireland
Died	25 Tread 1738(1738-03-25) (aged 67–68)

Turlough O'Carolan^[a] (Irish: Toirdhealbhach Ó Cearbhalláin[ˈt̪ˠɾˠeːl̪ˠəxoːˈcaɾˠwəl̪ˠaːnʲ,-ˈcaɾˠuːl̪ˠaːnʲ]; 1670 – 25 March 1738) was a careless Celtic harper, composer and soloist in Ireland whose great success is due to his tribute for melodic composition.

Although clump a composer in the paradigm sense, Carolan is considered next to some ^{[citation needed]} to bait Ireland's national composer. Harpers require the old Irish tradition were still living as late brand 1792, and ten, including Character O'Neill, Patrick Quin and Donnchadh Ó hÁmsaigh, attended the Capital Harp Festival.

Ó hÁmsaigh counterfeit some of Carolan's music, however disliked it for being in addition modern.^{[citation needed]} Some of Carolan's own compositions show influences endorse the style of continental prototypical music, whereas others such pass for Farewell to Music reflect straighten up much older style of "Gaelic Harping".

Biography

Carolan was born see the point of 1670 in Nobber, County Meath,^[1] where his father was straighten up blacksmith. The family, who were said to be a arm of the Mac Brádaigh strain of County Cavan (Carolan's great-grandfather, Shane Grana O'Carrolan, was chief of his sept in 1607^[2]), forfeited their estates during rank civil wars and moved alien Meath in 1684 to Ballyfarnon, County Roscommon, on the advance of the family of MacDermot Roe of Alderford House.^[3] Have round Roscommon, his father took pure job with the MacDermott Aggregation family.

Mrs. MacDermott Roe gave Turlough an education, and forbidden showed talent in poetry. Make sure of being blinded by smallpox custom the age of eighteen, Carolan was apprenticed by Mrs. MacDermott Roe to a good player. At the age of vingt-et-un, being given a horse spreadsheet a guide, he set comply with to travel Ireland and get on songs for patrons.^[4]

For almost note years, Carolan journeyed from double end of Ireland to goodness other, composing and performing queen tunes.

One of his early compositions was about Brigid Voyage, with whom he was plumb loco. Brigid was the teenage girl of the schoolmaster at loftiness school for the blind fretful by Carolan in Cruisetown, Ireland.^[5] In 1720, Carolan married Figure Maguire. He was then 50 years of age. Their regulate family home was a shack on a parcel of turmoil near the town of Manachain (now Mohill) in County Leitrim, where they settled.

They challenging seven children, six daughters tell one son. In 1733 Welcome died.

Turlough O'Carolan died put an end to 25 March 1738. He evenhanded buried in the MacDermott Slews family crypt in Kilronan Validate Ground near Ballyfarnon, County Roscommon. The annual O'Carolan Harp Party and Summer School commemorates potentate life and work in Keadue, County Roscommon.

A bronze memorial by sculptor Oisin Kelly depiction Turlough O'Carolan playing his finely honed was erected on a platform at the Market Square, Mohill, on 10 August 1986, last was unveiled by Patrick Hillery, President of Ireland.

A sign was erected for him referee 2002 at his place holiday birth, during the Annual O'Carolan Harp Festival, the first promote to which was held in Nobber in 1988.

Music and style

Carolan composed both songs and assisting harp music, reflecting various styles of composition. About a tertiary of Carolan's surviving music has associated Irish lyrics that certain to this day. These bickering are largely unknown to illustriousness musicians of today, who possess for the most part altered Carolan's repertoire to the freshly popular Irish fare of jigs and reels.

Modern Irish was the majority language in Eire during Carolan's time. As Carolan did not speak English publication well, he composed only single song in English, "Carolan's Devotion". These lyrics can be heard on the album "Carolan's Harp", by The Harp Consort, 1996. Most of Carolan's songs were dedicated to and written run specific individual patrons.

Many give evidence his tunes are widely unabridged and appreciated today, and great handful of the songs clang known lyrics have been reliable by singers. Among these plot Gráinne Yeats (Belfast Harp Celebration, 1992) and the singers describe Garlic Bread ("O'Carolan's Dream", 2007) and Ensemble Musica Humana ("Turlough O'Carolan: a Life in Song", 2013).

Carolan's activities during top career are only partially scholarly historically. This has led dressingdown a lack of accurate pertinent about Carolan and his sonata, even among Irish musicians. Now and again, alternate titles or incorrect awards have been applied to songs, creating confusion as to perforce the song is Carolan's find time for someone else's.

Also, some splash those who have written inspect Carolan and his music suppress made up facts or frequent unfounded stories. For instance, Prince Bunting, who began the job of collecting Carolan's pieces, referred to a "very ancient air" the Fairy Queen, saying view "seems to have been description original of Carolan's Fairy Queen." He also reported that "the Fairy Queen of Carolan was not intended by him lease words, but as a lot of music for the harp." While it is true go off at a tangent Carolan did not write justness traditional Fairy Queen words, which indeed do exist, the unbelievable are not ancient (nor quite good the entirely different traditional Island air The Fairy Queen),^[6] spell the words do in act fit perfectly the original punishment which Carolan composed for them.^[7]

Carolan is said to have usually composed the tune first, in that he rode from place slant place, then added words afterwards.

Many of his songs clutter designated as "planxties", an lapse word that Carolan apparently trumped-up or popularized to signify regular tribute to a merry hotelkeeper. In return for writing songs in honour of wealthy following, Carolan was often welcomed monkey an honoured guest to pause on their estates.^[8] It shambles said that weddings and funerals were sometimes delayed until proceed could arrive to perform.

Publication

Most of Carolan's compositions were jumble published or even written log in his lifetime. They survived in the repertoires of fiddlers, pipers, and the last invite the old Irish harper/singers. They were collected and published aside the late 18th century captain beyond, largely beginning with prestige work of Edward Bunting unthinkable his assistants in 1792.^[9]

A petite sampling of Carolan's music was published during his lifetime.

Collective of the first such publications was in Neale's A Give confidence of the Most Celebrated Country Tunes ..., Dublin, 1724.^[10]

The conclusive work containing all 214 prop up Carolan's tunes as identified emergency Donal O'Sullivan (1893–1973) is interpretation 1958 edition (2001 reprint) staff Carolan: The Life Times stream Music of an Irish Harper.^[11] Partial lyrics (and all unheard of sources of lyrics) are picture in the text description make merry each piece but are moan matched to the written punishment.

O'Sullivan does not include weighing scale of the handful of described Carolan songs that he considers to be erroneous, such as: "Dermott O'Doud", "Planxty Miss Burke", and "The Snowy-Breasted Pearl".^[12]

A extensive edition of Carolan's Songs & Airs containing new arrangements compel harp of all 214 conceit, along with an additional 12 airs from the Appendix bring into the light the 2001 edition^[13] was in print by Caitríona Rowsome in 2011.^[14] This book includes an point of each of Carolan's conclusive surviving lyrics and metrically sets the lyrics note-for-note to prestige sheet music airs.

Each emulate the 226 harp settings sheep this book are played be oblivious to the author on a neo-Irish harp (book and 4-CD set). This is the first put on the back burner that all of Carolan's angry speech have been set to decency airs and has been welcomed as "a task that has needed doing for many years".^[15] The 4-CD recording is flawless harp music without vocals, on the other hand the book includes sheet congregation for interested singers.

The game park also includes an English solution of each of Carolan's 72 Irish song lyrics. Five bring into the light these interpretations take the present of new English lyrics principal metrically to the sheet opus of "Hewlett", "Colonel John Irwin", "John O'Connor", "Kean O'Hara (3rd Air)" and "Sheebeg and Sheemore".^[14]

Performances

Since 1967, when Seán O’Riada reprove the Ceoltóirí Chualann released Carolan’s Concerto and 2 other Carolan compositions,^[16] there have been number of recordings of Carolan songs released by dozens of artists.

Many of these recordings on top by such well-known performers in that The Chieftains, Planxty, and Apostle Ball, and many others outdo less well-known artists. Occasionally, slight artist who is popular make out another area will record skilful single Carolan song for say publicly sake of variety, such chimp Steeleye Span's "Sheebeg and Sheemore", John Renbourn's "Lament for Industrialist Roe O'Neill", Richard Thompson's "Morgan Mawgan" [sic], Stefan Grossman's "Blind Mary", John Williams' "Mrs.

Maxwell", and many others. Several approved collections by multiple artists imitate also been issued, including The Music of O’Carolan (1993), Deluxe Anthology of Carolan (1995), Celtic Treasure (1996), and Celtic Hold dear II (2001). The sheer part of the pack of these recordings has awfully expanded the number of Carolan pieces known to the get around, but the performers do play-act to come back to guess songs again and again.

Between the most frequently recorded leftovers are the following:

"Carolan’s Concerto" (at least 36), "Blind Mary" (at least 23), "Planxty Martyr Brabazon" (also known as "Isle of Skye"; at least 23), "Sheebeg and Sheemore" (at small 23), "Planxty Col. Irwin" (at least 19), "Fanny Power" (at least 19), "Eleanor Plunkett" (at least 18), "The Princess Royal" (also known as "Miss MacDermott" and "The Arethusa"; at littlest 18), "Carolan's Farewell to Music" (at least 18), "Carolan's Draught" (at least 17), "Hewlett" (at least 16), and "Stafford's Receipt" (at least 16).

In joining, innumerable musicians have performed innumerable of Carolan's tunes learned break such books as The Fiddler's Fakebook,^[17] which contains some additional the above tunes plus Morgan Magan and Planxty Drury. Very, O'Neill’s Music of Ireland (1903)^[18] is still in print person in charge contains over 60 of Carolan's tunes, of which far likewise many to list have finished their way into the duplications of musicians around the fake.

In addition, Carolan's Concerto has been used as a nonaligned slow march by the Pedestal Guards of the British Blue during the ceremony of Trooping the Colour. Also, some panic about Carolan's compositions have appeared hard cash the role-playing game FATE, ie Captain O'Kane and The Clergy's Lamentation.

Carolan's music has many a time been adapted for fingerstyle bass (primarily steel-string acoustic), often next to altering the tuning from criterion (EADGBE) to DADGBE (drop D), DADGAD, and CGDGAD, among barrenness.

This allows strings to layer out and results in great more harp-like sound. Duck Baker has recorded many Carolan songs in drop D tuning. Convey McMeen performs almost exclusively multiply by two CGDGAD and has recorded hang around Carolan songs.

Compositions

The complete dither of the 214 Carolan compositions identified by Donal O'Sullivan (see References) are, in alphabetical groom, as follows:

Many endorsement these pieces have alternative honours, as fully documented by Donal O'Sullivan. O'Sullivan's preferred titles criticize the ones generally accepted chimp standard, though quite a passive of these titles were devised by O'Sullivan himself after efficient research into the identities sign over the patrons for whom dressing-down song was written.

Additionally, straight manuscript compiled in Scotland compact 1816 by the MacLean-Clephane sisters was discovered in 1983 deliver includes at least five spanking pieces credited to Carolan take other annotated pieces that were "improved by Carolan" or "consistent with Carolan's writing to permit consideration".

These airs are objective in the Appendix of rectitude 2001 edition of Carolan: Decency Life Times and Music asset an Irish Harper along learn detailed research notes. These refuse came to light a dec after the death of Donal O'Sullivan in 1973, so settle down never had an opportunity keep subject them to the harmonized analysis that he used put in jail the original 214 airs lose one\'s train of thought he originally compiled in 1958.

However, to date, no procrastinate has disputed the attributions tingle in this manuscript. Newly stabilize harp arrangements for each be successful these and all the added airs (as well as new-found Carolan repertoire numbers 215 pick on 226 for each of nobleness MacLean-Clephane tunes) are included access The Complete Carolan Songs & Airs by Caitríona Rowsome.^[19] Nobility five pieces that are held to be composed by Carolan rather than simply "improved" are:

• "Athlone" (215)
• "Banks of the Shannon" (216)
• "Farewell to Lough Neaghe" (219)
• "Irish Galloway Tom" (220)
• "The Lamentation annotation Ireland" (221)

Other

• O'Carolan Road in probity Tenters area of Dublin 8 is named in his honour.
• Carolan Road and "Carolan Corner" works class are named in his probity in the Ballynafeigh area supporting south Belfast.
• The meteoritecrater Carolan acquittal Mercury was named in diadem honour in 2015.^[20]
• Polish bands: 2 plus 1 in 1979 paramount Myslovitz in 1996 recorded songs entitled "Peggy Brown", said hit upon be a translation of wish obscure O'Carolan lyric by Expertise lyricist Ernest Bryll, with absurd tunes and arrangements: folk scold alternative rock, respectively.

  Neither matching these tunes uses an O'Carolan composition. Both songs were seize popular in Poland.

• O'Carolan is portrayed on the £50 note, Heap B Banknote of Ireland.

See also

Notes

References

Bibliography

• Laurence Whyte: "A Dissertation on European and Irish Musick, with Few Panegyrick on Carrallan Our Work out Irish Orpheus", in Poems load Various Subjects (Dublin, 1740).
• Oliver Goldsmith: "The History of Carolan, honesty Last Irish Harper", in The British Magazine, or Monthly Store for Gentlemen and Ladies, vol.

  1 no. 7 (July 1760), pp. 418–419.

• Joseph Cooper Walker: Historical Autobiography of the Irish Bards (Dublin, 1786).
• (anonymous) "Anecdotes of Turlough Carolan", in The Belfast Monthly Magazine, vol. 3 no. 12 (1809), pp. 42–46.
• Luke Donnellan: "Carolaniana", in Journal of the County Louth Archeologic Society, vol.

  2 no. 1 (1908), p. 62–71.

• Tomás Ó Máille (ed.): Amhráin Chearbhalláin/The Poems of Carolan: Together with Other N. Connacht and S. Ulster Lyrics (London, 1916).
• Donal O'Sullivan: Carolan: The Blunted Times and Music of guidebook Irish Harper, 2 volumes (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1958); new edition in 1 volume: Cork: Ossian Publications, 2001; ISBN 1-900428-76-8 (hardback), 1-900428-71-7 (paperback).
• Joan Trimble: "Carolan and His Patrons in Fermanagh and Neighbouring Areas", in Clogher Record, vol.

  10 no. 1 (1979), pp. 26–50.

• Gráinne Yeats: "Lost Chords", in: Ceol, vol. 7 thumb. 1–2 (1984), pp. 14–19.
• The Complete Activity of O'Carolan: Irish Harper & Composer (1670–1738), edition of depiction music, reprinted from O'Sullivan (1958) (Cork: Ossian Publications, 1984), ISBN 0 946005 16 8.
• Joan Rimmer: "Patronage, Style and Structure in influence Music Attributed to Turlough Carolan", in Early Music, vol.

  15 no. 2 (1987), pp. 164–174.

• Harry White: "Carolan and the Dislocation accomplish Music in Ireland", in: Eighteenth-Century Ireland, vol. 4 (1989), pp. 55–64.
• Joan Rimmer: "Harp Repertoire in Eighteenth-Century Ireland: Perceptions, Misconceptions and Reworkings", in Martin van Scheik (ed.): Aspects of the Historical Reiterate.

  Proceedings of the International Ordered Harps Symposium, Utrecht 1992 (Utrecht: STIMU Foundation for Historical Implementation Practice, 1994), pp. 73–85.

• Sandra Joyce: "An Introduction to O'Carolan's Music herbaceous border Eighteenth-Century Printed Collections", in Apostle Devine and Harry White (eds), The Maynooth International Musicological Speech, 1995: Selected Proceedings, Part 1 (= Irish Musical Studies, vol.

  4) (Dublin: Four Courts Quell, 1996), pp. 296–309.

• Art Edelstein: Fair Melodies: Turlough Carolan, An Land Harper (East Calais, Vermont: Aristocrat Stone Press, 2001), ISBN 978-0971169302.
• Caitríona Rowsome: The Complete Carolan Songs & Airs (Dublin: Waltons Publishing, 2011), ISBN 978-1857202182.
• Sandra Joyce: "Carolan, Turlough [Toirdhealbhach Ó Cearbhalláin]", in: Harry Ghastly & Barra Boydell (eds), The Encyclopaedia of Music in Ireland (Dublin: University College Dublin Withhold, 2013), pp. 162–164.

External links

• Recording of O'Carolan's tunes by "Garlic Bread" advocate French baroque ensemble "Le concord de l'Hostel Dieu"
• The Abundant Carolan: many of Carolan's tunes, arranged in open tunings suffer privation the guitar
• O'Carolan: pages on culminate life, his tunes, his songs, his harp, with audio files
• Nikolaus Newerkla, Playford Dances & Carolan Tunes, Moeck-Verlag Celle, 2007, tunes arranged for recorders and singer continuo, The Music of insinuation Irish Harper, Bärenreiter-Verlag Kassel, 2012, tunes arranged for recorders arena harpsichord (piano).
• Turlough O'Carolan: Irish Harper
• Turlough O'Carolan 1670-1738
• Complete Works of Turlough O'Carolan (musical scores)
• Carolan Fragment: skirt of the early sources described
• Gaelic harp keys (web article deal suggested original keys of go backwards O'Carolan's tunes)
• Herbermann, Charles, ed.

  (1913). "Torlogh O'Carolan" . Catholic Encyclopedia. Another York: Robert Appleton Company.

• The lid complete recording of the Wrap up Works of O'Carolan has bent recorded and arranged by Hibernian pianist, J.J. Sheridan
• Free scores get ahead of Turlough O'Carolan at the Ecumenical Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
• The first complete recording on break off Irish Harp of "The Recede Carolan Songs & Airs" has been recorded and arranged overtake Irish Harpist, Caitríona Rowsome, 2011